Glossary of terms

We have prepared a glossary to explain you some medical names or expressions that you may not understand clearly and fully.

Accomodation	is changing the curvature of the lens in order to focus the eye on objects at different distances from it
Amblyopia	is the medical name for amblyopia, reduced visual acuity without apparent pathological cause
Anisometropia	is the condition in which the two eyes have unequal refractive power; that is, are in different states of myopia
Astigmatism	is an optical defect in which vision is blurred due to the inability of the optics of the eye to focus a point object into a sharp focused image on the retina
Binocular	by both eyes
Convergence	eyes rotate towards each other
Cycloplegia	is the paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye, resulting in a loss of accommodation
Dioptre or diopter	is a unit of measurement of the optical power of a lens or curved mirror which is equal to the reciprocal of the focal length measured in metres. This unit tells you how much it is necessary to correct the eye defect.
Diplopia	double vision
Divergence	eyes are turning away from each other
Farsightedness, or hyperopia	is a vision condition in which distant objects are usually seen clearly, but close ones do not come into proper focus. Farsightedness is corrected with convex (plus) lenses.
Heterophorias	is the hidden squint
Heterotropia	is the clear squint
Monocular	by one eye
Motility	is the ocular motility in all directions
Nearsightedness (myopia)	is a common vision condition in which you can see objects near to you clearly, but objects farther away are blurry. Myopia is corrected with concave (minus) lenses
Ophthalmology	Medicínský název pro oční lékařství.
Occluder	is a cover of the eye (for example a plaster, gauze, contact lens, occluder made of plastic, ...), which is used in the treatment of amblyopia for covering the healthy eye
Orthoptic exercises	are exercises that are used in the treatment of paediatric strabismus. The target of these exercises is to practice vision with both eyes.
Orthoptics	is correction of the binocular vision (vision with both eyes)
Orthoptist	is an expert who practices with children and thus helps them to improve their vision
Pleoptic exercises	are exercises that are used in the treatment of paediatric amblyopia. The target of these exercises is loading the affected eye by close work.
Pleoptics	is the treatment of amblyopia
PlusOptix	is a special non-contact device for measuring of refractive disorders and strabismus in children
Prizm	prizm lens
Refractive disorder	occurs when an eye cannot clearly focus the images from the outside world. The result of refractive errors is blurred vision, which is sometimes so severe that it causes visual impairment. The three most common refractive errors are nearsightedness, farsightedness and astigmatism.
Screening	is the vision screening carried out in order to discover diseases in their early stages, when the patient does not have any problems or symptoms
Stereopsis	is spatial vision
Strabismus	is the medical name for squint
Strabologist	is an expert in the diagnosis and treatment of strabismus
Strabology	is the branch of ophthalmology dealing with squint
Superposition	is the ability to see a single image by combining two dissimilar perceptions
Synoptofor	is a special orthoptic device used to diagnose disorders of binocular vision and carry out eye exercises
Unification	is the ability to link two identical images of both eyes in a simple one
Visus	is visual acuity

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